China has begun construction on the world’s largest hydropower dam on the Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet, a $167 billion project that will dwarf the Three Gorges Dam in both size and output. The dam, which aims to boost China’s renewable energy capacity, has triggered serious concerns in downstream countries India and Bangladesh about potential impacts on water flow, environmental risks, and regional stability. While China touts the project as a green energy milestone, critics warn of inadequate consultation, possible ecological damage, and the risk of water being used as a geopolitical tool. The announcement has also led to surges in related Chinese stocks and renewed debate over transboundary river management. Despite reassurances from Chinese officials, the project has intensified diplomatic tensions and raised questions about the future of water security in South Asia.
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